Ageing is a natural process that cannot be avoided. As people grow older, their physiological functions may gradually decline, increasing the risk of degenerative diseases. These conditions deserve attention because they may affect independence and quality of life among older adults.

Degenerative diseases are conditions characterised by the progressive deterioration of the structure and function of organs. This process may be associated with natural age-related changes, accumulated DNA damage, oxidative stress, and changes involving mitochondrial DNA.

The main groups discussed include cardiovascular diseases, neoplastic diseases, and nervous system disorders. Cardiovascular conditions may include hypertension, coronary heart disease, and myocardial infarction. Nervous system disorders may include Parkinson’s disease, Alzheimer’s disease, Huntington’s disease, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and multiple sclerosis.

Other degenerative conditions include osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, macular degeneration, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Each condition may produce different complaints, but several general symptoms require attention. These include chronic fatigue, persistent joint and muscle pain, declining cognitive function, breathing difficulties, and reduced mobility and balance.

Preventive measures can begin with simple habits practised consistently. Older adults are encouraged to remain physically active according to their abilities, maintain a balanced diet, and undergo regular health examinations.

Managing stress and supporting mental well-being are also important for maintaining quality of life. Vaccination and infection prevention should not be overlooked, as older adults may become more vulnerable to various health problems.

Grandparents and PRAMITA Friends, healthier lifestyle changes can help support well-being in later life. Stay active, maintain a balanced diet, manage stress, and attend regular health examinations so that changes in the body can be identified and monitored appropriately.