Myth or Fact: Can Vitamin D Cause Kidney Stones?

Dear Sahabat PRAMITA,
Vitamin D is widely recognized for its role in aiding calcium absorption and maintaining bone strength. However, there's growing concern that excessive vitamin D may trigger kidney stones. Is this claim scientifically accurate? Let’s explore the facts.

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble nutrient that can be obtained from food, supplements, or synthesized in the skin through sunlight exposure. Within normal levels (20–50 ng/mL), it plays a crucial role in calcium and phosphate metabolism, immune support, and neuromuscular function. However, levels exceeding 50 ng/mL may lead to hypervitaminosis D.

According to Indonesia’s Ministry of Health (Regulation No. 28/2019), the recommended daily intake of vitamin D for adults ranges between 15–20 micrograms. Excessive intake may increase calcium levels in the blood (hypercalcemia), which can cause calcium crystals to form in the kidneys — a potential precursor to kidney stones, especially in those prone to calcium metabolism disorders.

A study published in the Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism indicates that long-term intake of high-dose vitamin D supplements may raise urinary calcium excretion, a key risk factor for stone formation (doi.org/10.1210/jc.2011-2521).

That said, this condition is relatively rare and typically associated with unsupervised supplement use. Vitamin D from natural sources, such as food and moderate sunlight exposure, is generally safe when consumed within recommended limits.

In conclusion: Fact — excess vitamin D can elevate the risk of kidney stones, but it is not a direct cause. Smart, well-regulated intake is key. Sahabat PRAMITA is encouraged to monitor their vitamin D levels and seek medical advice if any unusual symptoms appear.