HIV and AIDS have long been discussed, yet misunderstandings still surround them, causing stigma against those living with HIV. Some people are even afraid to be near them, while most of these fears are myths that need correction. Let’s, sahabat PRAMITA, uncover the real facts.

1. HIV and AIDS Are Not the Same Thing
Many still believe HIV and AIDS are identical diseases. In fact, HIV is a virus that attacks the immune system, while AIDS is the advanced stage of untreated HIV infection. Someone can live healthily for many years with HIV without developing AIDS — as long as they take treatment regularly.

2. HIV Is Not Spread Through Touch
Shaking hands, hugging, sharing eating utensils, or sitting together does not transmit HIV. The virus only spreads through blood, sexual fluids, and breast milk — not air, water, or mosquito bites. So, sahabat PRAMITA need not fear interacting with people living with HIV.

3. Oral Sex Can Still Transmit HIV
Although the risk is lower, oral sex can still transmit HIV, especially if there are open sores or wounds in the mouth or genitals. Using condoms and maintaining hygiene are key to preventing transmission.

4. People With HIV Can Live Healthy Lives and Have Children
Through consistent antiretroviral (ARV) therapy, the amount of virus in the body can be suppressed to very low levels. At this point, the risk of transmission to partners or babies becomes extremely small. Many people with HIV continue to live productive lives, marry, and have healthy children.

5. HIV Cannot Be Identified by Appearance
A person living with HIV often looks completely healthy and may not show any symptoms. Therefore, a blood test is the only way to determine someone’s HIV status.

Conclusion: Myth or Fact?
Most beliefs about HIV/AIDS are myths. HIV is not a curse, not something that spreads through touch, and certainly not the end of life. With regular treatment, social support, and proper education, people with HIV can live healthy, productive, and happy lives.