Stroke is a condition involving the blood vessels in the brain, which leads to a disruption in the oxygen supply to brain cells, causing damage or death of the tissue in the affected brain area. Stroke mortality rates in Indonesia rank first among ASEAN countries, according to data from the Southeast Asian Medical Journal.

**Hemorrhagic Stroke**

This type is caused by the sudden rupture of blood vessels in the brain due to high pressure or trauma.

The risk of stroke over the next 10 years can be predicted using the "Framingham Stroke Risk Profile" score, calculated based on a combination of existing risk factors. Stroke risk factors can be categorized into modifiable and non-modifiable factors. Below is a table of stroke risk factors:

**Non-Modifiable Stroke Risk Factors:**

- Age
- Gender
- Race and ethnicity
- Genetics

**Modifiable Risk Factors for Ischemic Stroke:**

- Hypertension
- Smoking
- Waist-to-Hip Ratio
- Diet
- Physical activity
- Hyperlipidemia
- Diabetes Mellitus
- Alcohol consumption
- Heart disease

**Modifiable Risk Factors for Hemorrhagic Stroke:**

- Hypertension
- Smoking
- Waist-to-Hip Ratio
- Diet
- Alcohol consumption

From the table above, it can be concluded that behavioral changes are closely related to stroke prevention. Some healthy behaviors to consider include:

- Increase the consumption of vegetables and fruits.
- Regular health check-ups.
- Exercise regularly at least three times a week.
- Reduce intake of overly sweet, fatty, salty, and high-sodium foods to prevent conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease.
- Avoid smoking.

Stroke symptoms vary greatly depending on the brain area affected. However, if you experience symptoms that align with the slogan "SeGeRa Ke RS" (Go to the Hospital Immediately), don't hesitate to seek medical attention! The symptoms include:

1. An asymmetrical smile or one side drooping, sudden choking, or difficulty drinking.
2. Sudden weakness in half of the body.
3. Slurred speech, inability to speak, failure to understand words, or incoherence.
4. Numbness or tingling in half of the body.
5. Sudden blurred vision or loss of vision.
6. Severe headache.

**Author:** Dr. Amelia Pratiwi, Sp.PK (Responsible Physician at PRAMITA Clinical Laboratory, Jl. Sutisna Senjaya No. 39, Tasikmalaya)

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