Osteoporosis is a condition where bones become fragile and porous, increasing the risk of fractures. This happens because bone density decreases, causing bones to lose their strength and resilience.

Causes of Osteoporosis in Young Adults:

Amenorrhea
Amenorrhea is a condition in which a woman does not experience menstruation for an extended period. This condition leads to a decrease in estrogen levels, resulting in bone loss.

Low Calcium Intake
Calcium is an essential mineral that plays a significant role in the formation and maintenance of bone strength. A lack of calcium intake can increase the risk of osteoporosis in young adults.

Hormonal Disorders
Conditions such as hyperthyroidism, hyperparathyroidism, adrenal gland disorders, reduced sex hormones, and pituitary gland disorders can affect bone health.

Side Effects of Medication
Long-term use of high-dose corticosteroids can affect bone strength, increasing the risk of osteoporosis.

Other Causes
These include a family history of osteoporosis, smoking and alcohol consumption habits, and nutrient malabsorption.

How to Prevent the Risk of Osteoporosis in Young Adults:

Meet Your Calcium and Vitamin D Needs
Calcium can be obtained from green vegetables, nuts, seeds, seafood, and dairy products. Vitamin D can be found in fish (such as salmon, tuna, sardines, and mackerel), egg yolks, beef liver, and dairy products. Sun exposure for 10-15 minutes also helps to increase vitamin D levels.

Engage in Regular Exercise
Especially exercises that help maintain bone health and strength, such as weight lifting, jogging, and soccer.

Avoid Smoking and Alcohol Consumption
These factors can reduce bone density.

Author: Dr. Bernarita Akpri Anggraini (Medical Consultant at Pramita Balikpapan)